ABSTRACT
Background: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha] is an important cytokine in acute inflammatory response to infective factors. Based on investigation in different populations, it is thought that this response increases in patients with endometriosis due to the presence of cytokines such as TNF-alpha. This study aimed to examine the association of four TNF-alpha polymorphisms, namely -238G/A, -308G/A, -857C/T and -863C/A, with susceptibility to endometriosis in an Iranian population
Materials and Methods: We recruited 150 women with endometriosis and 150 women without endometriosis in this case-control study and collected 4 ml of blood from all subjects. After DNA extraction, the polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism [PCR-RFLP]
Results: The allele frequency of TNF-alpha -863C/A in the case and control groups showed a significant difference [odds ratios [OR]=0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.41-0.99, P=0.047] but the result is not significant when Adjusting for multiple testing [P=0.188]. No significant difference in the allele frequencies of -238G/A [OR=1.07, 95% CI=0.51-2.25, P=0.862], -308G/A [OR=0.79, 95% CI=0.43-1.45, P=0.438] and -857C/T [OR=1.03, 95% CI=0.66- 1.61, P=0.887] was observed. We adjusted all four polymorphism genotypes by age and body mass index [BMI], however, no significant difference was detected. There was an association between the case and control and BMI when adjusting by age [OR=1.082, 95% CI=1.009-1.162, P=0.028]
Conclusion: For the first time the association of the four polymorphisms in the promoter region of the TNF-alpha gene with endometriosis has been conducted in women of Iranian origin. The present research reveals the -863 A allele may play a role in incidence of endometriosis among Iranian women. Development of endometriosis among those people with -863 A allele seems low. According to the results, the current study indicates that there might be a correlation between BMI and progression of endometriosis
ABSTRACT
Background: Human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 [NAT2] gene has a key role in xenobiotic metabolism through the conjugation of acetyl group to xenobiotic substances. NAT2 has been suggested as a susceptibility factor in endometriosis; however, the results of studies have been controversial. In this study, the association of NAT2 polymorphisms with susceptibility to endometriosis was evaluated in an Iranian population
Methods: This is an association study and totally 141 women with diagnosis of endometriosis and 158 healthy women as control group were analyzed for NAT2 gene polymorphisms [C481T, A803G, G857A and G590A] by PCR-RFLP methods
Results: The 590 GA genotype was significantly lower [p=0.001; OR=0.42, 95% CI: 0.25-0.71] in the patients [38.3%] than the control group [55.1%]. The 590A allele was significantly lower [p=0.033; OR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.49-0.79] in the patients [31.2%] compared with the controls [39.6%]. Analysis of haplotypes showed that NAT2 481C, 803A, 590A, 587A combination was significantly different between the case and control women [p= 0.029; OR=3.11, 95% CI: 1.13-8.52]
Conclusion: The NAT2 G590A SNP may be associated with susceptibility to endometriosis and the 590A allele may have a protective role in development of endometriosis. The NAT2 481C, 803A, 590A, 587A haplotype was associated with a higher risk of endometriosis in Iranian population
ABSTRACT
Background: Nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate [NSCL/P] is the most common orofacial birth defect, often attributed to ethnic and environmental differences. Up to now, linkage analyses and genome-wide association studies have identified several genomic susceptibility regions for NSCL/P. The WNT genes including WNT3 are strong candidates for NSCL/P, since they are involved in regulating mid-face development and upper lip fusion. This study tested association of the WNT3 polymorphisms, rs- 3809857 G/T and rs9890413 G/A, with the risk of NSCL/P in a population of Iranian infants
Methods: The allelic and genotypic frequencies for each participant were determined in 113 unrelated Iranian subjects with NSCL/P and 220 control subjects using PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism [RFLP] methods. A p-value of
Results: The WNT3 rs3809857 GT genotype was significantly lower [p=0.039, OR=0.55, 95% CI=0.30-0.97] in the NSCL/P [21.2%] than the control group [30.42%]. For the WNT3 rs9890413 G/A polymorphism, neither genotype nor allele frequencies were significantly different between the case and control groups
Conclusion: Our results indicated that the WNT3 rs3809857 GT genotype may have a protective effect against NSCL/P in Iranian population
ABSTRACT
Background: The cyclin E2 [CYCE2] is an important regulator in the progression and development of NSCLC, and its ectopic expression promoted the proliferation, invasion, and migration in several tumors, including Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer [NSCLC]. However, the upregulation of CYCE2 in NSCLC cells suggested that it has a key role in tumorigenicity. In addition, the RAS family proteins as oncoproteins were activated in many major tumor types and its suitability as the therapeutic target in NSCLC was proposed. Considering the crucial role of microRNAs, it was hypothesized that altered expression of hsa-miR-30d-5p and hsa-let-7b might provide a reliable diagnostic tumor marker for diagnosis of NSCLC
Method: Real-time RT-PCR approach could evaluate the expression alteration of hsa-miR-30d-5p and hsa-let-7b and it was related to the surgically resected tissue of 24 lung cancer patients and 10 non-cancerous patients. The miRNAs expression was associated with clinicopathological features of the patients
Results: Hsa-miR-30d showed a significant downregulation [p=0.0382] in resected tissue of NSCLC patients compared with control group. Its expression level could differentiate different stages of malignancies from each other. The ROC curve analysis gave it an AUC=0.73 [p=0.037] which was a good score as a reliable biomarker. In contrast, hsa-let-7b was significantly overexpressed in tumor samples [p=0.03]. Interestingly, our findings revealed a significant association of hsa-let-7b in adenocarcinoma tumors, compared to Squamous Cell Carcinomas [SCC] [p<0.05]. Also, analysis of ROC curve of hsa-let-7b [AUC=0.74, p-value=0.042] suggests that it could be as a suitable biomarker for NSCLC
Conclusion: Together, these results suggest a possible tumor suppressor role for hsa-miR-30d in lung tumor progression and initiation. Moreover, upregulation of hsa-let-7b was associated with the tumor type
ABSTRACT
Background: Diagnosis of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer [NSCLC] at an early stage is a daunting challenge due to the deficiency of specific noninvasive markers. MicroRNAs [miRNAs] play important roles in the initiation and progression of NSCLC. Measuring miRNA expression levels could provide a potential approach for the diagnosis of NSCLC. Our goals were to examine miR-223, miR-212, miR-192, miR-3074, SNORD33 and SNORD37 expression levels in tissue and sputum of NSCLC patients and cancer free subjects for molecular diagnosis of NSCLC
Methods: Relative expressions of miR-223, miR-212, miR-192, miR-3074, SNORD33 and SNORD37 were examined with quantitative real-time RT-PCR assay in tissue and sputum obtained from 17 NSCLC patients and 17 controls
Results: miR-3074 was upregulated in tissue samples of NSCLC patients compared with control group. miR-223 was upregulated, miR-212 and SNORD37 were downergulated in sputum samples of patients compared with controls. miR-223 quantification produced 82% sensitivity and 95% specificity with areas under the ROC curve at 0.90 in detection of NSCLC
Conclusion: miR-223 clearly discriminated cancer patients from cancer-free subjects and our results suggest that miR-223 could be a diagnostic useful biomarker. The measurement of altered miRNA expression in sputum samples manifested the potential noninvasive approach for detection of lung cancer
ABSTRACT
Background: Possible mechanisms of Alzheimer Disease [AD] such as inflammation and oxidative stresses in the brain led us to investigate potential AD therapeutics of Melilotus officinalis, an herbal extract, with possible role as an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agent. Among different genes which had important role in Sporadic AD [SAD], three genes including DAXX, NFkB and VEGF have shown significant statistical diversity in the brains of Alzheimer patients
Methods: These genes were chosen to be investigated for neuroprotective effects of the extract by comparing the expression level in the hippocampus of Sporadic AD [SAD] rat model using quantitative polymerase chain reaction [qPCR] in the treated and untreated groups. In addition, therapeutic effects at the behavioral, learning and memory level by Morris Water Maze [MWM] test were investigated
Results: The results represented significant decreased expression in Daxx, Nfkb and Vegf genes in the SAD rat's model treated with the herbal extract compared to the Streptozotocin-induced [STZ-induced] rats. Furthermore, no significant changes were seen in swimming distance and time for finding the hidden platform in the herbal-treated compared to the STZ-induced group. In memory level, no significant changes were observed among treated and untreated groups
Conclusion: It seems that the herbal extract may have significant effect on Alzheimer-related gene expression changes but not on clinical levels
ABSTRACT
Nuclear transfer procedures have been recently applied for clinical and research targets as a novel assisted reproductive technique and were used for increasing the oocyte activity during its growth and maturation. In this review, we summarized the nuclear transfer technique for germinal vesicle stage oocytes to reconstruct the maturation of them. Our study covered publications between 1966 and August 2017. In result utilized germinal vesicle transfer techniques, fusion, and fertilization survival rate on five different mammalian species are discussed, regarding their potential clinical application. It seems that with a study on this method, there is real hope for effective treatments of old oocytes or oocytes containing mitochondrial problems in the near future